Human Insulin

Clinical Pharmacological Studies in Normal Man

Nonfiction, Health & Well Being, Medical, Specialties, Internal Medicine, Endocrinology & Metabolism
Cover of the book Human Insulin by D.R. Owens, Springer Netherlands
View on Amazon View on AbeBooks View on Kobo View on B.Depository View on eBay View on Walmart
Author: D.R. Owens ISBN: 9789400941618
Publisher: Springer Netherlands Publication: December 6, 2012
Imprint: Springer Language: English
Author: D.R. Owens
ISBN: 9789400941618
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Publication: December 6, 2012
Imprint: Springer
Language: English

Since insulin became available for the treatment of diabetes in 1922 a number of major advances have been made, which include the modification of insulin to vary its timing of action, its purification, and latterly, the production of human insulin. Human insulin in quantities sufficiently large for therapy has been made available by two techniques developed in parallel during the late 1970s. These involve either (i) formulation in E. coli bacteria suitably encoded by DNA recombinant methods of the A- and B-chains of human insulin followed by a chain combination reaction ('biosynthetic' human insulin) or (ii) enzymatic conversion (transpeptidation) of porcine insulin brought to react with a threonine ester by porcine trypsin in a mixture of water and organic solvents, yielding human insulin ('semi-synthetic' human insulin). This book includes the first clinical-pharmacological studies of each of the highly purified 'semi-synthetic' human insulin preparations: Actrapid ® HM; Monotard® HM; Protaphane® HM; Actraphane® HM; and Ultratard® HM (Novo Industri A/S, Copenhagen). The preliminary studies established their safety and efficacy relative to their porcine and bovine counterparts emphasising the relevance of species and formulation on the pharmacokinetics and biological responses to insulin. Additional investigations with human insulin demonstrated the influence of insulin concentration, site of administration, the addition of aprotinin to insulin and the mixing of 'short-' and 'intermediate-acting' formulations on insulin 'bioavailability'. Examination of the 'within' and 'between' subject day-to-day variation in absorption and the effect of subcutaneous insulin also demonstrates the dominating influence of insulin responsiveness.

View on Amazon View on AbeBooks View on Kobo View on B.Depository View on eBay View on Walmart

Since insulin became available for the treatment of diabetes in 1922 a number of major advances have been made, which include the modification of insulin to vary its timing of action, its purification, and latterly, the production of human insulin. Human insulin in quantities sufficiently large for therapy has been made available by two techniques developed in parallel during the late 1970s. These involve either (i) formulation in E. coli bacteria suitably encoded by DNA recombinant methods of the A- and B-chains of human insulin followed by a chain combination reaction ('biosynthetic' human insulin) or (ii) enzymatic conversion (transpeptidation) of porcine insulin brought to react with a threonine ester by porcine trypsin in a mixture of water and organic solvents, yielding human insulin ('semi-synthetic' human insulin). This book includes the first clinical-pharmacological studies of each of the highly purified 'semi-synthetic' human insulin preparations: Actrapid ® HM; Monotard® HM; Protaphane® HM; Actraphane® HM; and Ultratard® HM (Novo Industri A/S, Copenhagen). The preliminary studies established their safety and efficacy relative to their porcine and bovine counterparts emphasising the relevance of species and formulation on the pharmacokinetics and biological responses to insulin. Additional investigations with human insulin demonstrated the influence of insulin concentration, site of administration, the addition of aprotinin to insulin and the mixing of 'short-' and 'intermediate-acting' formulations on insulin 'bioavailability'. Examination of the 'within' and 'between' subject day-to-day variation in absorption and the effect of subcutaneous insulin also demonstrates the dominating influence of insulin responsiveness.

More books from Springer Netherlands

Cover of the book Principles of Tidal Sedimentology by D.R. Owens
Cover of the book The Plant Family Brassicaceae by D.R. Owens
Cover of the book CIS Energy and Minerals Development by D.R. Owens
Cover of the book Dialectic and Rhetoric by D.R. Owens
Cover of the book NATO in the First Decade after the Cold War by D.R. Owens
Cover of the book Developmental Relations among Mind, Brain and Education by D.R. Owens
Cover of the book Economics and Ecology of Diversification by D.R. Owens
Cover of the book Politics as Rational Action by D.R. Owens
Cover of the book Single and Multiple Stimulus Static Perimetry in Glaucoma; The Two Phases of Perimetry by D.R. Owens
Cover of the book The calcitonin gene-related peptide family by D.R. Owens
Cover of the book The Importance of Assent by D.R. Owens
Cover of the book Studies in Whitehead’s Philosophy by D.R. Owens
Cover of the book Dynamics and Vibrations by D.R. Owens
Cover of the book History of Ophthalmology 4 by D.R. Owens
Cover of the book Methods in Medicine by D.R. Owens
We use our own "cookies" and third party cookies to improve services and to see statistical information. By using this website, you agree to our Privacy Policy