Medicines for Radiation Emergencies: Potassium Iodide (KI), Prussian Blue (Radiogardase), Filgrastim (Neupogen), DTPA (Diethylenetriaminepentaacetate) - Drugs for Radiation Exposure

Nonfiction, Health & Well Being, Health, Ailments & Diseases, Cancer, Social & Cultural Studies, Political Science
Cover of the book Medicines for Radiation Emergencies: Potassium Iodide (KI), Prussian Blue (Radiogardase), Filgrastim (Neupogen), DTPA (Diethylenetriaminepentaacetate) - Drugs for Radiation Exposure by Progressive Management, Progressive Management
View on Amazon View on AbeBooks View on Kobo View on B.Depository View on eBay View on Walmart
Author: Progressive Management ISBN: 9781458072344
Publisher: Progressive Management Publication: March 21, 2011
Imprint: Smashwords Edition Language: English
Author: Progressive Management
ISBN: 9781458072344
Publisher: Progressive Management
Publication: March 21, 2011
Imprint: Smashwords Edition
Language: English

Four important medicines for treatment in radiation emergencies are fully covered in this authoritative collection of official documents: potassium iodide (KI), prussian blue, Filgrastim (Neupogen), and DTPA (Diethylenetriaminepentaacetate). There is detailed information from the FDA, CDC, NRC, and EPA on the use of these medicines.

Potassium iodide is a salt, similar to table salt. Its chemical symbol is KI. It is routinely added to table salt to make it "iodized." Potassium iodide, if taken in time and at the appropriate dosage, blocks the thyroid gland's uptake of radioactive iodine and thus could reduce the risk of thyroid cancers and other diseases that might otherwise be caused by exposure to radioactive iodine that could be dispersed in a severe nuclear accident. Potassium iodide is a special kind of protective measure in that it offers very specialized protection. Potassium iodide protects the thyroid gland against internal uptake of radioiodines that may be released in the unlikely event of a nuclear reactor accident. The purpose of radiological emergency preparedness is to protect people from the effects of radiation exposure after an accident at a nuclear power plant. Evacuation is the most effective protective measure in the event of a radiological emergency because it protects the whole body (including the thyroid gland and other organs) from all radionuclides and all exposure pathways. Administering KI can be a reasonable, prudent, and inexpensive supplement to in-place sheltering and evacuation.

Since the 1960s, Prussian blue has been used to treat people who have been internally contaminated with radioactive cesium (mainly Cs-137) and nonradioactive thallium (once an ingredient in rat poisons). Doctors can prescribe Prussian blue at any point after they have determined that a person who is internally contaminated would benefit from treatment. Prussian blue will help speed up the removal of cesium and thallium from the body. Prussian blue traps radioactive cesium and thallium (mainly Tl-201) in the intestines and keeps them from being re-absorbed by the body. The radioactive materials then move through the intestines and are excreted (passed) in bowel movements. Prussian blue reduces the biological half-life1 of cesium from about 110 days to about 30 days. Prussian blue reduces the biological half-life of thallium from about 8 days to about 3 days. Because Prussian blue reduces the time that radioactive cesium and thallium stay in the body, it helps limit the amount of time the body is exposed to radiation.
When a person has received a very high dose of radiation, destruction of the bone marrow, potentially resulting in uncontrolled bleeding and infection, is a major concern. To help the recovery of the bone marrow, growth factors that stimulate the blood cells to multiply can be used. Filgrastim (trade name Neupogen), is a drug that was approved for use by the FDA in 1991 for cancer patients with bone marrow damage due to chemotherapy or radiotherapy.

DTPA is a kind of medicine called a chelating agent. Chelating agents work by binding and holding on to radioactive materials or poisons that get into the body. Once bound to a radioactive material or poison, the chelating agent is then passed from the body in the urine. Chelating agents help decrease the amount of time it takes to get a poison out of the body.

This is a privately authored news service and educational publication of Progressive Management.

View on Amazon View on AbeBooks View on Kobo View on B.Depository View on eBay View on Walmart

Four important medicines for treatment in radiation emergencies are fully covered in this authoritative collection of official documents: potassium iodide (KI), prussian blue, Filgrastim (Neupogen), and DTPA (Diethylenetriaminepentaacetate). There is detailed information from the FDA, CDC, NRC, and EPA on the use of these medicines.

Potassium iodide is a salt, similar to table salt. Its chemical symbol is KI. It is routinely added to table salt to make it "iodized." Potassium iodide, if taken in time and at the appropriate dosage, blocks the thyroid gland's uptake of radioactive iodine and thus could reduce the risk of thyroid cancers and other diseases that might otherwise be caused by exposure to radioactive iodine that could be dispersed in a severe nuclear accident. Potassium iodide is a special kind of protective measure in that it offers very specialized protection. Potassium iodide protects the thyroid gland against internal uptake of radioiodines that may be released in the unlikely event of a nuclear reactor accident. The purpose of radiological emergency preparedness is to protect people from the effects of radiation exposure after an accident at a nuclear power plant. Evacuation is the most effective protective measure in the event of a radiological emergency because it protects the whole body (including the thyroid gland and other organs) from all radionuclides and all exposure pathways. Administering KI can be a reasonable, prudent, and inexpensive supplement to in-place sheltering and evacuation.

Since the 1960s, Prussian blue has been used to treat people who have been internally contaminated with radioactive cesium (mainly Cs-137) and nonradioactive thallium (once an ingredient in rat poisons). Doctors can prescribe Prussian blue at any point after they have determined that a person who is internally contaminated would benefit from treatment. Prussian blue will help speed up the removal of cesium and thallium from the body. Prussian blue traps radioactive cesium and thallium (mainly Tl-201) in the intestines and keeps them from being re-absorbed by the body. The radioactive materials then move through the intestines and are excreted (passed) in bowel movements. Prussian blue reduces the biological half-life1 of cesium from about 110 days to about 30 days. Prussian blue reduces the biological half-life of thallium from about 8 days to about 3 days. Because Prussian blue reduces the time that radioactive cesium and thallium stay in the body, it helps limit the amount of time the body is exposed to radiation.
When a person has received a very high dose of radiation, destruction of the bone marrow, potentially resulting in uncontrolled bleeding and infection, is a major concern. To help the recovery of the bone marrow, growth factors that stimulate the blood cells to multiply can be used. Filgrastim (trade name Neupogen), is a drug that was approved for use by the FDA in 1991 for cancer patients with bone marrow damage due to chemotherapy or radiotherapy.

DTPA is a kind of medicine called a chelating agent. Chelating agents work by binding and holding on to radioactive materials or poisons that get into the body. Once bound to a radioactive material or poison, the chelating agent is then passed from the body in the urine. Chelating agents help decrease the amount of time it takes to get a poison out of the body.

This is a privately authored news service and educational publication of Progressive Management.

More books from Progressive Management

Cover of the book Space Shuttle NASA Mission Reports: 2000 Missions, STS-99, STS-101, STS-106, STS-92, STS-97 by Progressive Management
Cover of the book U.S. Navy Abbreviations of World War II and U.S. Navy Code Words of World War II: Terms Found in Pearl Harbor Documents by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Encyclopedia of NASA Lessons Learned (Part 2): Thousands of Aerospace Technology Engineering Reports, Problems, Accidents, Mishaps, Ideas and Solutions - Space Shuttle, Spacecraft, Rockets, Aircraft by Progressive Management
Cover of the book 21st Century U.S. Military Documents: Civil Engineer Guide to Fighting Positions, Shelters, Obstacles, and Revetments (Air Force Handbook 10-222, Volume 14) by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Prophecy Fulfilled: "Toward New Horizons" and Its Legacy, Seminal Reports on Air Power Technology and Military Aeronautics: Where We Stand, Science the Key to Air Supremacy, Dr. Theodore von Karman by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Stopping Mass Killings in Africa: Genocide, Airpower, and Intervention - Somalia, Rwanda, Hutus and Tutsis, Ivory Coast by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Separating the Real from the Imagined: Flight Research at NACA and NASA, 1915-1998 - Experimental Planes and Spacecraft, X-1, X-15, XV-15, X-planes, Muroc, Lifting Bodies, Dryden, Armstrong, Shuttle by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Evolved Expendable Launch Operations at Cape Canaveral 2002-2009: EELV Atlas V and Delta IV Rockets, Launch Operations, Commercial, Civil, and Military Space Operations, Complex 41 by Progressive Management
Cover of the book 2007-2011 Beige Book: Federal Reserve Board Commentary on Current Economic Conditions, including the Great Recession and Economic Crisis of 2008 by Progressive Management
Cover of the book 21st Century Adult Cancer Sourcebook: Pituitary Tumors, Adenomas, Carcinomas - Clinical Data for Patients, Families, and Physicians by Progressive Management
Cover of the book 21st Century Solar Power and Photovoltaics: Energy Department Multi-year Program Plan through 2012 for Solar Development and Research, Systems, Materials, CSP Technologies by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Recommendation for a National Standard for Tactical Emergency Casualty Care and Israeli Hospital Trauma Protocols in the United States: Active Shooter and Terrorist Attacks, EMS Protocol Deficiencies by Progressive Management
Cover of the book Vulnerability of the United States Railroad System to Terrorist Attacks: Risks to Amtrak Passenger Trains, Tank Cars, Cyber Attacks, Historic Lac-Megantic Oil Train Derailment, Screening Measures by Progressive Management
Cover of the book 21st Century U.S. Military Manuals: Special Operations - 2012 Army Doctrine Reference Publication No. 3-05, Fires, Targeting, Intelligence, Sustainment (Professional Format Series) by Progressive Management
Cover of the book American X-Vehicles, An Inventory from X-1 to X-50 - NACA, NASA, Air Force Experimental Airplanes and Spacecraft (NASA SP-2003-4531) by Progressive Management
We use our own "cookies" and third party cookies to improve services and to see statistical information. By using this website, you agree to our Privacy Policy