Radial-velocity Searches for Planets Around Active Stars

Nonfiction, Science & Nature, Science, Physics, Astronomy, Astrophysics & Space Science
Cover of the book Radial-velocity Searches for Planets Around Active Stars by Raphaëlle D. Haywood, Springer International Publishing
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Author: Raphaëlle D. Haywood ISBN: 9783319412733
Publisher: Springer International Publishing Publication: July 18, 2016
Imprint: Springer Language: English
Author: Raphaëlle D. Haywood
ISBN: 9783319412733
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Publication: July 18, 2016
Imprint: Springer
Language: English

This thesis develops new and powerful methods for identifying planetary signals in the presence of “noise” generated by stellar activity, and explores the physical origin of stellar intrinsic variability, using unique observations of the Sun seen as a star. In particular, it establishes that the intrinsic stellar radial-velocity variations mainly arise from suppression of photospheric convection by magnetic fields. With the advent of powerful telescopes and instruments we are now on the verge of discovering real Earth twins in orbit around other stars. The intrinsic variability of the host stars themselves, however, currently remains the main obstacle to determining the masses of such small planets. The methods developed here combine Gaussian-process regression for modeling the correlated signals arising from evolving active regions on a rotating star, and Bayesian model selection methods for distinguishing genuine planetary signals from false positives produced by stellar magnetic activity.

The findings of this thesis represent a significant step towards determining the masses of potentially habitable planets orbiting Sun-like stars. 

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This thesis develops new and powerful methods for identifying planetary signals in the presence of “noise” generated by stellar activity, and explores the physical origin of stellar intrinsic variability, using unique observations of the Sun seen as a star. In particular, it establishes that the intrinsic stellar radial-velocity variations mainly arise from suppression of photospheric convection by magnetic fields. With the advent of powerful telescopes and instruments we are now on the verge of discovering real Earth twins in orbit around other stars. The intrinsic variability of the host stars themselves, however, currently remains the main obstacle to determining the masses of such small planets. The methods developed here combine Gaussian-process regression for modeling the correlated signals arising from evolving active regions on a rotating star, and Bayesian model selection methods for distinguishing genuine planetary signals from false positives produced by stellar magnetic activity.

The findings of this thesis represent a significant step towards determining the masses of potentially habitable planets orbiting Sun-like stars. 

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